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After the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire, it received a large influx of refugees, which boosted its population significantly. Oakland and Brooklyn-separated by a slough that had been bridged in 1853-amalgamated in 1872.Ĭhosen as the western terminus of the first transcontinental railroad (1869), Oakland began developing its harbour. Carpentier and his associates extended the area and incorporated it as a city in 1854. Carpentier started a trans-bay ferry service to San Francisco and acquired a town site (1852) to the west of Brooklyn, naming it Oakland for the oak trees on the grassy plain. In 1849–50 Moses Chase, a squatter, and some associates leased and then purchased farmland and laid out the town of Clinton (later named Brooklyn). Logging began in the area in the 1840s, and, during the California Gold Rush (1849), it became a transit centre for goods and people. In 1820 a Spanish land grant known as Rancho San Antonio was established there. The area was inhabited by Costanoan Indians when it was explored by the Spanish in the late 18th century. Area city, 78 square miles (202 square km). Neighbouring communities include Berkeley (north), San Leandro (south), and Alameda (west, on Alameda Island), and Oakland completely surrounds the city of Piedmont. Oakland is the eastern locus of the extensive metropolitan area surrounding the bay that, in addition to San Francisco, is anchored by San Jose to the southeast. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them!